State v. Gomes (Concurring Opinion by J. Acoba, with whom J. Duffy joins)

***FOR PUBLICATION***

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CONCURRING OPINION BY ACOBA, J., IN WHICH DUFFY, J., JOINS

I continue to adhere to the position taken in my dissent in State v. Rivera, 106 Hawai`i 146, 102 P.3d 1044 (2004). However, in the absence of a mandate "that the states retroactively apply a new [federal] constitutional rule [of procedure] for criminal cases[,] . . . applicable . . . through the fourteenth amendment[,]" State v. Garcia, 96 Hawai`i 200, 213 n.19, 29 P.3d 919, 932 n.19 (2001), I concur in the result.